{"id":34636,"date":"2023-03-14T17:00:11","date_gmt":"2023-03-14T17:00:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/veolay.com\/proc-je-dulezita-gramotnost\/"},"modified":"2023-03-14T17:00:11","modified_gmt":"2023-03-14T17:00:11","slug":"proc-je-dulezita-gramotnost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/veolay.com\/cs\/proc-je-dulezita-gramotnost\/","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d je gramotnost d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\"><br \/>\n<?xml encoding=\"utf-8\" ?><html><body><\/p>\n<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6be5f27 elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column\" data-id=\"6be5f27\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap  elementor-element-populated\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-632ed016 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"632ed016\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<div class=\"elementor-image\">                 <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/videoimage1.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/videoimage1.png?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 1872w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/videoimage1-300x283.png?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 300w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/videoimage1-1024x965.png?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 1024w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/videoimage1-768x724.png?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 768w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/videoimage1-1536x1447.png?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 1536w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/videoimage1-155x146.png?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 155w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/videoimage1-50x47.png?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 50w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/videoimage1-80x75.png?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 80w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1872px) 100vw, 1872px\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2bf39823 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"2bf39823\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71f0ab06 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"71f0ab06\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Gramotnost je mostem od b&iacute;dy k nad&#283;ji. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Je to n&aacute;stroj pro ka&#382;dodenn&iacute; &#382;ivot v modern&iacute; spole&#269;nosti&ldquo; &ndash; Kofi Afnan.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Jako d&#283;ti jsme si v&scaron;ichni kladli ot&aacute;zku &ndash; jak&yacute; m&aacute; smysl um&#283;t &#269;&iacute;st, ps&aacute;t a mluvit zdatn&#283;? <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Ale kdy&#382; n&aacute;s zas&aacute;hne dosp&#283;lost, uv&#283;dom&iacute;me si, &#382;e u&#382; ne&#382;ijeme v dob&#283; kamenn&eacute;. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Sv&#283;t se vyv&iacute;j&iacute; velmi rychle a ka&#382;d&yacute;, kdo nedok&aacute;&#382;e udr&#382;et tempo, z&#367;st&aacute;v&aacute; ve spole&#269;nosti pozadu.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Jak byste nyn&iacute; popsal pokrok? <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Ekonomick&yacute; r&#367;st je vhodn&yacute; zp&#367;sob, jak si obr&aacute;zek vykreslit. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">A jak posilujeme ekonomiku? <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Je to tehdy, kdy&#382; v&scaron;ichni cht&#283;j&iacute; z&iacute;skat vy&scaron;&scaron;&iacute; &uacute;rove&#328; gramotnosti.&nbsp;<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">S t&iacute;m, jak st&aacute;le v&iacute;ce lid&iacute; d&#283;l&aacute; krok vp&#345;ed, aby se nau&#269;ili vysoko&scaron;kolsk&eacute; dovednosti, se vytv&aacute;&#345;ej&iacute; tis&iacute;ce nov&yacute;ch pracovn&iacute;ch p&#345;&iacute;le&#382;itost&iacute;, z nich&#382; nakonec profituj&iacute; v&scaron;ichni.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">P&#345;esto se mnoz&iacute; ptaj&iacute; &ndash; pro&#269; je gramotnost d&#367;le&#382;it&aacute;? <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Dob&#345;e, poj&#271;me si ud&#283;lat rychl&yacute; v&yacute;let, abychom prozkoumali v&yacute;znam gramotnosti a vzd&#283;l&aacute;n&iacute; v na&scaron;&iacute; spole&#269;nosti, vrstvu po vrstv&#283;.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_literacy\"><\/span><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">co je gramotnost?<\/font><\/font><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Za&#269;n&#283;me se z&aacute;klady, ne&#382; se pust&iacute;me do hrubky. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Co tedy znamen&aacute; gramotnost? <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">B&#283;&#382;n&#283; se tomu &#345;&iacute;k&aacute; efektivita prohl&iacute;&#382;et, ps&aacute;t, &#269;&iacute;st, mluvit a poslouchat ur&#269;it&yacute;m zp&#367;sobem, kter&yacute; v&aacute;m umo&#382;n&iacute; efektivn&#283; komunikovat. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">To je v&scaron;ak diskutabiln&iacute;.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2739 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/book-1171564_640.jpg\" alt=\"Pro&#269; je gramotnost d&#367;le&#382;it&aacute;\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/book-1171564_640.jpg?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 640w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/book-1171564_640-300x200.jpg?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 300w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/book-1171564_640-219x146.jpg?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 219w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/book-1171564_640-50x33.jpg?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 50w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/book-1171564_640-113x75.jpg?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 113w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\"><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Tak&#382;e, co je gramotnost? <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Jak citoval Nelson Mandela: &bdquo;Vzd&#283;l&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; je nejmocn&#283;j&scaron;&iacute; zbran&iacute;, se kterou m&#367;&#382;ete zm&#283;nit sv&#283;t. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">V tomto ohledu gramotnost rozhodn&#283; p&#345;esahuje schopnost &#269;&iacute;st nebo ps&aacute;t. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Jde sp&iacute;&scaron;e o to, jak zru&#269;n&yacute; m&#367;&#382;e b&yacute;t jedinec p&#345;i vyu&#382;&iacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; t&#283;chto z&iacute;skan&yacute;ch schopnost&iacute; k &#345;e&scaron;en&iacute; probl&eacute;m&#367; spole&#269;nosti, ve kter&eacute; &#382;ije.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Jak se doba m&#283;n&iacute;, proch&aacute;z&iacute; vzd&#283;l&aacute;vac&iacute; reperto&aacute;r pr&#367;m&#283;rn&eacute;ho studenta mohutn&yacute;m v&yacute;vojem. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Nav&iacute;c s n&aacute;stupem digit&aacute;ln&iacute; &eacute;ry nen&iacute; z&iacute;sk&aacute;n&iacute; dostate&#269;n&yacute;ch liter&aacute;rn&iacute;ch dovednost&iacute; tak t&#283;&#382;k&eacute; jako p&#345;ed t&#345;iceti lety. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Pro&#269; je tedy gramotnost aktivn&#283; podporov&aacute;na? <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Pro&#269; je to d&#367;le&#382;it&eacute;?<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_is_literacy_important\"><\/span><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Pro&#269; je gramotnost d&#367;le&#382;it&aacute;?<\/font><\/font><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Kofi Afnan kr&aacute;sn&#283; &#345;ekl: &bdquo;[gramotnost] je hr&aacute;z&iacute; proti chudob&#283; a stavebn&iacute;m kamenem rozvoje. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">A jak jsme ji&#382; d&#345;&iacute;ve zm&iacute;nili, ekonomika se m&#367;&#382;e rozv&iacute;jet pouze tehdy, kdy&#382; ji podporuje kruh gramotn&yacute;ch hlav. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">&#268;&iacute;m vy&scaron;&scaron;&iacute; je tedy m&iacute;ra gramotnosti, t&iacute;m vy&scaron;&scaron;&iacute; jsou pracovn&iacute; p&#345;&iacute;le&#382;itosti na trhu. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">A pokud bude pro jednotlivce st&aacute;le v&iacute;ce p&#345;&iacute;le&#382;itost&iacute; k v&yacute;d&#283;lku, ekonomika bude vzkv&eacute;tat.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Pokud jste &#269;etli knihu &bdquo;Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Educational Reform&ldquo;, vydanou NCEE v roce 1983, v&iacute;te, &#382;e spr&aacute;vn&aacute; gramotnost je probl&eacute;m, se kter&yacute;m Amerika v&#382;dy z&aacute;pasila. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Jednotlivci neu&#269;inili dostate&#269;n&eacute; kroky ke gramotnosti, co&#382; vedlo k t&eacute;to drastick&eacute; situaci v na&scaron;&iacute; spole&#269;nosti.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Pr&#367;zkumy odhalily, &#382;e p&#345;ibli&#382;n&#283; 18 % 15let&yacute;ch ob&#269;an&#367; USA je pova&#382;ov&aacute;no za slab&eacute;, pokud jde o gramotnost. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Podle americk&eacute;ho ministerstva &scaron;kolstv&iacute; tak&eacute; celkem 47 milion&#367; ob&#269;an&#367; USA postr&aacute;d&aacute; pot&#345;ebn&eacute; dovednosti funk&#269;n&iacute; gramotnosti, v&#269;etn&#283; &#269;ten&iacute;\/psan&iacute; a komplexn&iacute;ch z&aacute;kladn&iacute;ch dovednost&iacute;. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Nejhor&scaron;&iacute; na tom v&scaron;ak je, &#382;e ka&#382;d&yacute; t&yacute;den po sob&#283; se do seznamu p&#345;id&aacute; v pr&#367;m&#283;ru 44 000 jmen.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Pro&#269; tedy lid&eacute; pot&#345;ebuj&iacute; up&#345;ednostnit sv&eacute; vzd&#283;l&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute;? <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Poj&#271;me se tedy v rychlosti pod&iacute;vat na n&#283;kter&eacute; z v&yacute;znamn&yacute;ch zm&#283;n, kter&eacute; m&#367;&#382;e sv&#283;t p&#345;in&eacute;st vy&scaron;&scaron;&iacute; m&iacute;ra gramotnosti.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_political_impact_of_literacy\"><\/span><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Politick&yacute; dopad gramotnosti<\/font><\/font><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Gramotnost je nesporn&#283; jedn&iacute;m z hlavn&iacute;ch pil&iacute;&#345;&#367;, na kter&yacute;ch demokracie pevn&#283; stoj&iacute;. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Vzhledem k tomu, &#382;e se st&aacute;le v&iacute;ce lid&iacute; rozhoduje pod&iacute;let se na z&iacute;sk&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; gramotn&yacute;ch dovednost&iacute;, ve&#345;ejnost se bude aktivn&#283; odd&aacute;vat politick&eacute; participaci, kter&aacute; povede ke zdrav&eacute; demokratick&eacute; spole&#269;nosti.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2736 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/scrabble-4273254_640.jpg\" alt=\"Pro&#269; je gramotnost d&#367;le&#382;it&aacute;\" width=\"640\" height=\"468\" srcset=\"http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/scrabble-4273254_640.jpg?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 640w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/scrabble-4273254_640-300x219.jpg?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 300w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/scrabble-4273254_640-200x146.jpg?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 200w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/scrabble-4273254_640-50x37.jpg?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 50w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/scrabble-4273254_640-103x75.jpg?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 103w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\"><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Jin&yacute;mi slovy, &#269;&iacute;m v&iacute;ce se &#269;lov&#283;k vzd&#283;l&aacute;v&aacute;, t&iacute;m je pravd&#283;podobn&#283;j&scaron;&iacute;, &#382;e se dostav&iacute; k volb&aacute;m. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">V demokracii je hlasov&aacute;n&iacute; nejv&yacute;razn&#283;j&scaron;&iacute; svobodou ob&#269;an&#367;, kter&eacute; se, jak zn&aacute;mo, vyh&yacute;baj&iacute; kv&#367;li nedostate&#269;n&eacute;mu vzd&#283;l&aacute;n&iacute;.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Vzd&#283;lan&iacute; lid&eacute; maj&iacute; za sebou bohatou historii zvy&scaron;ov&aacute;n&iacute; sv&eacute;ho hlasu proti provin&#283;n&iacute; zkorumpovan&yacute;ch vl&aacute;dn&iacute;ch struktur. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Ke gramotnosti pat&#345;&iacute; tak&eacute; obezn&aacute;menost se z&aacute;kladn&iacute;mi demokratick&yacute;mi hodnotami, tak&#382;e jakmile uc&iacute;t&iacute;te, &#382;e jsou poru&scaron;ov&aacute;ny, m&#367;&#382;ete ud&#283;lat krok vp&#345;ed, abyste dos&aacute;hli pozitivn&iacute; zm&#283;ny.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Vzd&#283;l&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; znev&yacute;hodn&#283;n&yacute;ch men&scaron;in je nav&iacute;c m&#367;&#382;e uv&eacute;st do sv&#283;ta nekone&#269;n&yacute;ch mo&#382;nost&iacute; a pomoci etnick&yacute;m skupin&aacute;m chr&aacute;nit jejich pr&aacute;va. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Krom&#283; toho se programy gramotnosti tak&eacute; uk&aacute;zaly jako jedno z nejlep&scaron;&iacute;ch opat&#345;en&iacute; po skon&#269;en&iacute; konfliktu. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Zdaleka se tedy shodneme, &#382;e gramotnost je skute&#269;n&#283; ohromuj&iacute;c&iacute; zbran&iacute;, jak &#269;elit slo&#382;itosti sv&#283;ta.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_socioeconomic_impact_of_literacy\"><\/span><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Socioekonomick&yacute; dopad gramotnosti<\/font><\/font><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">V&#283;t&scaron;ina krimin&aacute;ln&iacute;ch aktivit, ke kter&yacute;m doch&aacute;z&iacute;, jsou pouze zoufal&eacute; pokusy konkr&eacute;tn&iacute;ch jedinc&#367; p&#345;e&#382;&iacute;t v t&eacute;to ekonomice. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">V&#283;d&#283;li jste, &#382;e 6 z 10 v&#283;z&#328;&#367; ve St&aacute;tech postr&aacute;d&aacute; z&aacute;kladn&iacute; gramotnost? <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Nemohou si dovolit vyj&iacute;t s b&#283;&#382;n&yacute;m zam&#283;stn&aacute;n&iacute;m, proto&#382;e pro n&#283;koho, kdo nen&iacute; dostate&#269;n&#283; vzd&#283;lan&yacute;, neexistuje mo&#382;nost p&#345;&iacute;jmu.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Nyn&iacute; je tak&eacute; vysoce pravd&#283;podobn&eacute;, &#382;e jejich komunity\/rodiny bojuj&iacute; o p&#345;e&#382;it&iacute;, zat&iacute;mco jsou uv&#283;zn&#283;ni. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Krom&#283; toho mus&iacute; pr&#367;m&#283;rn&yacute; americk&yacute; da&#328;ov&yacute; poplatn&iacute;k platit za &uacute;dr&#382;bu v&#283;znic nep&#345;&iacute;mo, tak&#382;e kdo z toho nakonec profituje?<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">I kdy&#382; se nedostate&#269;n&#283; vzd&#283;lan&eacute;mu &#269;lov&#283;ku poda&#345;&iacute; naj&iacute;t pr&aacute;ci, trv&aacute; mu dvojn&aacute;sobek pr&#367;m&#283;rn&eacute;ho &uacute;sil&iacute; pot&#345;ebn&eacute;ho k z&iacute;sk&aacute;n&iacute; platu\/pov&yacute;&scaron;en&iacute;, a to tak&eacute; nen&iacute; zaru&#269;eno. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">T&iacute;mto zp&#367;sobem je pracovn&iacute; mobilita negramotn&yacute;ch osob na historick&eacute;m minimu, stejn&#283; jako jejich finan&#269;n&iacute; stabilita. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Pro takov&eacute; lidi je st&aacute;le t&#283;&#382;&scaron;&iacute; zabezpe&#269;it rodinu a vede to k extr&eacute;mn&iacute;m podm&iacute;nk&aacute;m, kter&eacute; vy&#382;aduj&iacute; zoufal&aacute; opat&#345;en&iacute;.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Krom&#283; toho je po&#269;et kojeneck&yacute;ch &uacute;mrtnost&iacute; na historick&eacute;m maximu, proto&#382;e lid&eacute; nejsou finan&#269;n&#283; schopni vyu&#382;&iacute;vat &#345;&aacute;dnou zdravotn&iacute; p&eacute;&#269;i. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Negramotnost je tak&eacute; z&aacute;sadn&iacute;m d&#367;vodem, pro&#269; se lid&eacute; nezapojuj&iacute; do regulovan&yacute;ch reproduk&#269;n&iacute;ch aktivit a nevyhled&aacute;vaj&iacute; &#345;&aacute;dnou l&eacute;ka&#345;skou pomoc. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">R&#367;zn&eacute; komunity v na&scaron;&iacute; spole&#269;nosti si nap&#345;&iacute;klad st&aacute;le nejsou v&#283;domy &uacute;&#269;innosti antikoncepce, bezpe&#269;n&eacute; l&eacute;ka&#345;sk&eacute; praxe, kter&aacute; m&#367;&#382;e tyto depresivn&iacute; p&#345;&iacute;pady sn&iacute;&#382;it sama.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Teaching_reading_in_the_21st_century\"><\/span><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">V&yacute;uka &#269;ten&iacute; v 21. stolet&iacute;<\/font><\/font><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Je nezbytn&eacute;, abychom jako jednotlivci povzbuzovali st&aacute;le v&iacute;ce lid&iacute;, aby se rozhodli pro spr&aacute;vn&eacute; vzd&#283;l&aacute;n&iacute;. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Pokud jste za&#269;&iacute;naj&iacute;c&iacute; u&#269;itel, mus&iacute;te se neust&aacute;le informovat o z&aacute;kladech v&yacute;uky, proto&#382;e se neust&aacute;le vyv&iacute;j&iacute;. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Pokud tedy pl&aacute;nujete za&#269;&iacute;t s v&yacute;ukou &#269;ten&iacute; v 21. stolet&iacute;, toto je n&#283;kolik bod&#367;, kter&eacute; mus&iacute;te vz&iacute;t v &uacute;vahu.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2738 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/library-3679745_640.jpg\" alt=\"Pro&#269; je gramotnost d&#367;le&#382;it&aacute;\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/library-3679745_640.jpg?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 640w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/library-3679745_640-300x200.jpg?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 300w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/library-3679745_640-219x146.jpg?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 219w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/library-3679745_640-50x33.jpg?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 50w,http:\/\/veolay.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/library-3679745_640-113x75.jpg?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=cs&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp 113w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\"><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Nepodce&#328;ujte d&#367;le&#382;itost opakovan&eacute;ho &#269;ten&iacute;<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Opakovan&eacute; &#269;ten&iacute;, pravd&#283;podobn&#283; nejv&iacute;ce podce&#328;ovan&aacute; v&yacute;ukov&aacute; technika, se etabluje jako v&yacute;znamn&aacute; v&yacute;ukov&aacute; metoda na podporu spr&aacute;vn&eacute;ho vzd&#283;l&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute;. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Podle n&aacute;zoru odborn&iacute;k&#367; opakovan&eacute; &#269;ten&iacute; podporuje my&scaron;lenku hloubkov&eacute; anal&yacute;zy a kritick&eacute;ho my&scaron;len&iacute;, kter&eacute; jsou ned&iacute;lnou sou&#269;&aacute;st&iacute; gramotnosti.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">U&#269;itel&eacute; po cel&eacute;m sv&#283;t&#283; se shodli na tom, &#382;e jakmile se jejich student&#367;m &#345;ekne, aby si znovu p&#345;e&#269;etli, nastav&iacute; to od po&#269;&aacute;te&#269;n&iacute; f&aacute;ze &#269;ten&iacute; zvl&aacute;&scaron;tn&iacute; &uacute;&#269;el. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">To jim pom&aacute;h&aacute; nau&#269;it se z&aacute;kladn&iacute; body, kter&eacute; jim d&#345;&iacute;ve mohly uniknout. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Krom&#283; toho m&#367;&#382;e zlep&scaron;it p&#345;esnost meta-porozum&#283;n&iacute;, d&iacute;ky &#269;emu&#382; je tak&eacute; zn&aacute;m&aacute; jako intenzivn&iacute; &#269;ten&iacute;.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Zahr&#328;te digit&aacute;ln&iacute; texty pro vzd&#283;l&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; student&#367;<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Nem&#367;&#382;eme pop&#345;&iacute;t, &#382;e digit&aacute;ln&iacute; doba p&#345;eb&iacute;r&aacute; tradi&#269;n&iacute; vzd&#283;l&aacute;vac&iacute; praktiky a je pohodln&#283;j&scaron;&iacute; vzd&#283;l&aacute;vat za&#269;len&#283;n&iacute;m digit&aacute;ln&iacute;ch u&#269;ebnic. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Je tak&eacute; prok&aacute;z&aacute;no, &#382;e poskytuje student&#367;m lep&scaron;&iacute; &#269;ten&aacute;&#345;sk&yacute; n&aacute;skok. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">&#268;&iacute;m v&iacute;ce je pokryto digit&aacute;ln&iacute;mi praktikami, t&iacute;m v&iacute;ce uchaze&#269;i s n&iacute;zk&yacute;mi v&yacute;sledky pova&#382;uj&iacute; vzd&#283;l&aacute;v&aacute;n&iacute; za zaj&iacute;mav&eacute;.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">R&#367;zn&eacute; instituty nav&iacute;c zahrnuj&iacute; aplikace pro &#269;ten&iacute; gramotnosti, d&iacute;ky nim&#382; je u&#269;en&iacute; pro studenty mnohem z&aacute;bavn&#283;j&scaron;&iacute;. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Tento krok je zn&aacute;m&yacute; jako osv&#283;d&#269;en&yacute; postup, kter&yacute; podporuje personalizaci v&yacute;uky a zv&yacute;&scaron;en&iacute; vyu&#269;ovac&iacute;ho &#269;asu. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Digit&aacute;ln&iacute; u&#269;en&iacute; je nav&iacute;c v&yacute;znamn&yacute;m zp&#367;sobem, jak vyhov&#283;t individu&aacute;ln&iacute;m pot&#345;eb&aacute;m student&#367;, a proto se mu vzd&#283;l&aacute;vac&iacute; instituce rychle p&#345;izp&#367;sobuj&iacute;.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Gramotnost nem&aacute; prostor pro syntaktick&eacute; chyby<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">&Uacute;loha spr&aacute;vn&eacute; gramatiky v gramotnosti je nezbytn&aacute;, proto&#382;e pom&aacute;h&aacute; p&#345;esn&#283; posilovat porozum&#283;n&iacute;. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">V t&eacute;to souvislosti studie uk&aacute;zaly, &#382;e a&#269;koli gramatika nebyla p&#345;ed deseti lety up&#345;ednost&#328;ov&aacute;na jako osv&#283;d&#269;en&yacute; postup, nyn&iacute; ano.&nbsp;<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Dal&scaron;&iacute; v&yacute;zkum prok&aacute;zal, &#382;e existuje hlubok&eacute; spojen&iacute; mezi syntaktick&yacute;m pov&#283;dom&iacute;m a &#269;ten&aacute;&#345;sk&yacute;mi dovednostmi student&#367;. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Vy&scaron;&scaron;&iacute; znalost gramatiky pom&aacute;h&aacute; identifikovat modifik&aacute;tory, spr&aacute;vn&#283; interpunkci a sestavovat lep&scaron;&iacute; v&#283;ty, co&#382; posiluje jejich dovednosti psan&iacute;. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Syntaktick&eacute; pov&#283;dom&iacute; tedy pom&aacute;h&aacute; l&eacute;pe pochopit &#269;etn&eacute; oblasti gramotnosti, co&#382; vypov&iacute;d&aacute; o jeho d&#367;le&#382;itosti.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Na&scaron;e z&aacute;v&#283;re&#269;n&aacute; slova<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Up&#345;&iacute;mn&#283; &#345;e&#269;eno, pokud si sedneme a vyjmenujeme d&#367;vody, pro&#269; je vzd&#283;l&aacute;n&iacute; v na&scaron;&iacute; spole&#269;nosti &#382;ivotn&#283; d&#367;le&#382;it&eacute;, nikdy to neskon&#269;&iacute;. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Jak se sv&#283;t vyv&iacute;j&iacute;, pot&#345;eba gramotnosti je st&aacute;le d&#367;le&#382;it&#283;j&scaron;&iacute;. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Tak&#382;e pokud chcete dr&#382;et krok, vezm&#283;te si knihu.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Jak ji&#382; bylo &#345;e&#269;eno, douf&aacute;me, &#382;e v&aacute;m m&#367;&#382;eme pomoci l&eacute;pe porozum&#283;t tomu, pro&#269; je gramotnost d&#367;le&#382;it&aacute;. <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Jsou n&#283;jak&eacute; z&aacute;sadn&iacute; body, kter&eacute; byste cht&#283;li p&#345;idat do t&eacute;to konverzace? <\/font><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Dejte n&aacute;m pros&iacute;m v&#283;d&#283;t v sekci koment&aacute;&#345;&#367; n&iacute;&#382;e!<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Brzy se s v&aacute;mi setk&aacute;me s dal&scaron;&iacute;mi zaj&iacute;mav&yacute;mi &#269;l&aacute;nky, kter&eacute; v&aacute;m pomohou dozv&#283;d&#283;t se v&iacute;ce o tomto tajemn&eacute;m sv&#283;t&#283;, ve kter&eacute;m &#382;ijeme.<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><font style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Do t&eacute; doby z&#367;sta&#328;te nalad&#283;ni!<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<div>                 &nbsp;                <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f6945e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5f6945e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<p><\/body><\/html><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gramotnost je mostem od b&iacute;dy k nad&#283;ji. Je to n&aacute;stroj pro ka&#382;dodenn&iacute; &#382;ivot v modern&iacute; spole&#269;nosti&ldquo; &ndash; Kofi Afnan. Jako d&#283;ti jsme si v&scaron;ichni kladli ot&aacute;zku<span class=\"excerpt-hellip\"> [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29016,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[889],"tags":[],"yst_prominent_words":[],"class_list":["post-34636","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-socialni"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/veolay.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34636"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/veolay.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/veolay.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veolay.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veolay.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34636"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/veolay.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34636\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veolay.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29016"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/veolay.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34636"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veolay.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34636"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veolay.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34636"},{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veolay.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=34636"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}